technological external diseconomies

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• Externality — External redirects here. For other uses, see External (disambiguation). In economics, an externality (or transaction spillover) is a cost or benefit, not transmitted through prices,[1] incurred by a party who did not agree to the action causing… …   Wikipedia

• ВНЕШНИЕ ЭФФЕКТЫ, экстерналии — (англ. externalities) – виды дополнительной экономии или дополнительных издержек, которые не зависят от деятельности данного предприятия, но влияют на ее результаты. Напр., если при стр ве металлургического з да «сэкономят» на устройстве… …   Финансово-кредитный энциклопедический словарь

• Economies of agglomeration — The term economies of agglomeration is used in urban economics to describe the benefits that firms obtain when locating near each other. It is related to the idea of economies of scale and network effects, in that the more related firms that are… …   Wikipedia

• economies of scale — scale effect Reductions in the average cost of production, and hence in the unit costs, when output is increased. If the average costs of production rise with output, this is known as diseconomies of scale. Economies of scale can enable a… …   Accounting dictionary

• economies of scale — scale effect Reductions in the average cost of production, and hence in the unit costs, when output is increased. If the average costs of production rise with output, this is known as diseconomies of scale. Economies of scale can enable a… …   Big dictionary of business and management

• Fusion power — The Sun is a natural fusion reactor. Fusion power is the power generated by nuclear fusion processes. In fusion reactions two light atomic nuclei fuse together to form a heavier nucleus (in contrast with fission power). In doing so they release a …   Wikipedia

• economics — /ek euh nom iks, ee keuh /, n. 1. (used with a sing. v.) the science that deals with the production, distribution, and consumption of goods and services, or the material welfare of humankind. 2. (used with a pl. v.) financial considerations;… …   Universalium

• Critical minimum effort theory — The critical minimum effort theory has been given by Harvey Leibenstein, in his book Economic Backwardness and Economic Growth. This theory relates to overpopulated and underdeveloped or developing nations such as India and Indonesia.This theory… …   Wikipedia

• Alfred Weber — Infobox Person name = Alfred Weber image size = caption = German Economist, Sociologist, and Theoretician birth date = birth date|1868|7|30|df=y birth place = Erfurt, Prussian Saxony death date = death date and age|1958|5|2|1868|7|30|df=y death… …   Wikipedia

• E. F. Schumacher — Infobox Person name = Ernst Friedrich Fritz Schumacher image size = 250px caption = birth date = birth date|1911|8|16 birth place = Bonn, Germany death date = Death date and age|1977|9|4|1911|8|16 death place = Switzerland education = Oxford and… …   Wikipedia

• land reform — any program, esp. when undertaken by a national government, involving the redistribution of agricultural land among the landless. [1840 50, Amer.] * * * Deliberate change in the way agricultural land is held or owned, the methods of its… …   Universalium